What is ADHD?
What is ADHD?
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects a person’s ability to regulate attention, impulsivity, and activity levels. It is one of the most common mental health disorders in children and can persist into adolescence and adulthood. ADHD is diagnosed based on clinical evaluation, often using criteria from the DSM-5symptoms are categorized into two main types:
1. Inattention
- Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play.
- Frequent careless mistakes in schoolwork or other activities.
- Easily distracted by external stimuli.
- Trouble organizing tasks and activities.
- Frequently losing items necessary for tasks (e.g., keys, school supplies).
- Forgetfulness in daily activities.
2. Hyperactivity and Impulsivity:
- Fidgeting, tapping hands or feet, or an inability to remain seated.
- Excessive talking or difficulty engaging in quiet activities.
- Interrupting or intruding on others (e.g., during conversations or games).
- Acting without thinking or having difficulty waiting their turn.
- Feelings of restlessness or an inability to stay still.
Treatment
(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition). The evaluation may involve:
- Observation of symptoms.
- Input from parents, teachers, or other caregivers.
- Behavioral assessments.
Treatment may include:
- Medication: Stimulants (e.g., methylphenidate, amphetamines) or non-stimulant medications.
- Therapy: Behavioral therapy helps manage symptoms and develop coping strategies, while parent training and support groups provide additional guidance and support.
- Lifestyle Strategies: Maintaining a structured routine, incorporating regular exercise and healthy sleep habits, and implementing accommodations in school or work settings can improve daily functioning and overall well-being.